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Grafts are techniques of propagation of trees which is used when you cannot get new plants from seeds, cuttings, layering or offshoot. However, this technique can also be useful when you want to subtract the plant to diseases, to thicken the foliage or when you want to replace a variety, or obtain more than one of the same plant.
There are several methods of grafting, then of mechanical applying of an element of a new plant of an existing one, each one is more or less suitable for a specific variety and should be performed in a specific period. Below we provide the overall guidance on certain types of graft, but do not forget to use proper equipment: a sharp knife suitable for grafting, raffia and putty, indispensable for the success as avoid the detachment of the graft and protect the interested part.
bud or eye |
T tuck incision where grafting under the bark, slightly raising the two tabs obtained |
May- August |
apple, pear, peach, apricot, plum, cherry, citrus, olive trees and rosebushes |
patch or stamp |
piece of bark with bud applied to a part of equal size in which a piece of bark is removed |
May- August |
olive, khaki, walnut, medlar, vineyard |
flageolet or ring |
ring of bark with gem applied to a part of equal size in which the bark is removed |
May- August |
chestnut and walnut |
majorcan or sliver |
similar to gem grafting, but on the rootstock, instead of a simple incision is created by a housing |
July- September |
vineyard, fruit trees |
crown (pen or pike beak) |
grafting under the bark in the section of the trunk or a large branch with the help of the engravings T |
March- May |
citrus, olive, vineyard, fruit trees |
omega |
cut with grafting machine that creates a perfect joint |
September- November |
vineyard, rosebushes, fruit trees |
triangle |
plug shaped triangle applied on a special engraving in the rootstock |
January- February |
pear, apple, fruit trees |
saddle |
similar to a triangle, but the graft is etched in the shape of an inverted L |
January- February |
fruit trees |
english slit |
joint between graft and rootstock that have the same size |
February- March |
gorse, rosebushes, clematis, vineyard |
double english slit or flap |
double joint |
January- March |
vineyard, chestnut, ornamental and fruit plants |
side slit |
rootstock miter which is stuck a plug-shaped flap |
February- April |
fruit trees |
end slit |
connecting the branches at their ends so that one follows the other |
February- March |
walnut |
slit or wedge |
section of a tree trunk or a large branch making a gap in which the grafts are threaded shaped wedge |
February- March |
citrus, olive trees |
horse |
slit graft wedge on the rootstock of the same diameter |
February- March |
rhododendron, fruit trees, vineyard |
spur |
graft of a branch on the main trunk |
February- April |
fruit trees |
bridge |
to repair the damaged bark. Two incisions one above (inverted T) and below (T) the damaged part where insert the graft |
June- August |
vineyard, fruit trees |
approximation |
Affect two branches and approach each other by mating the wound. Following the recovery is cut below the graft and the branch of the graft above the junction |
April- May |
camellia, olive, magnolia, citrus |
invigoration |
Planting new trees near that to invigorate, inverted T incision near the base of the trunk and put the graft of the new plant will strengthen old. |
April- May |
fruit trees |
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